Lithium-Ion Batteries Power Google's Data Centers

The Expanding Role of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Seemingly minor news events can often indicate larger, underlying shifts. Recently, Google announced the installation of 100 million lithium-ion cells within its data centers for server backup power.

While not a groundbreaking announcement in isolation, this highlights a widespread trend. Batteries are becoming increasingly prevalent, and the continuous drive to reduce electric vehicle costs is catalyzing change across numerous economic sectors.

From Lead-Acid to Lithium-Ion

Historically, Google’s data centers utilized lead-acid battery backup units for server racks. These older units were dependable, but characterized by their size, weight, and limited power output.

The transition to lithium-ion cells has yielded significant advantages. Google reports that these cells provide double the power density while occupying only half the space of their lead-acid predecessors.

Consequently, the company has reduced the required number of cells by 75%. This space optimization is crucial, as every square foot within a data center is valuable, costing at least $125 to develop according to JLL.

More servers can be accommodated in the freed-up space, directly contributing to revenue generation, unlike batteries which function as a necessary, but ultimately cost-related, safeguard.

Batteries as a Disruptive Force

The disruptive influence of battery technology extends beyond data centers.

Homeowners are increasingly adopting large-capacity batteries to store surplus solar energy and maintain power during outages. Portable battery packs are replacing traditional, loud, and polluting generators at campsites.

Furthermore, innovative applications are emerging, such as a startup utilizing small cells to supersede dry ice in medical specimen transport, offering enhanced temperature regulation and comprehensive tracking capabilities.

Perspective on Scale

Is Google’s installation of 100 million lithium-ion cells since 2015 a substantial achievement? The answer depends on the broader context.

Panasonic, for instance, has shipped over 10 billion cells from its Nevada facility since 2015.

Despite this seemingly unfavorable comparison, it doesn’t diminish the far-reaching impact of batteries. Even Google’s figures demonstrate the subtle, yet significant, disruption batteries are introducing into unexpected areas.

The cascading effects of battery technology are becoming increasingly apparent across diverse industries.