Remote Control Home Computer: A VNC Guide
Remote Desktop Access with VNC
VNC provides the capability to control a computer from a remote location, utilizing its desktop environment. This access can be established across the internet or within a local network, such as from another room.
While Windows offers a built-in Remote Desktop functionality, its availability is restricted to Professional versions of the operating system.
Alternatives and the Benefits of VNC
Alternatives like TeamViewer and similar services exist, however, VNC distinguishes itself by enabling users to deploy and administer their own server infrastructure.
This approach eliminates reliance on a centralized service provider, granting greater control and privacy.
VNC clients and server software are compatible with a wide range of operating systems.
Focus on Windows Implementation
Although cross-platform support is available, this guide will specifically focus on the implementation of VNC within a Windows environment.
This will provide a detailed walkthrough for setting up and utilizing VNC on Windows systems.
Image Credit: photosteve101 on Flickr
Setting Up a VNC Server
The initial step involves installing a VNC server on the machine you intend to access remotely. While this guide utilizes TightVNC, alternative options like UltraVNC are also available for implementation.
By default, TightVNC is configured to operate as a system service. This ensures continuous background operation whenever the computer is powered on. Manual disabling of the service is, of course, possible.
Automatic allowance through the Windows firewall is also a feature of TightVNC installation. If a different firewall solution is in use, it’s crucial to verify that it isn’t blocking TightVNC to maintain connectivity.
Protecting your VNC connection with a robust password is essential, particularly when the server is accessible from the public Internet.
Following a streamlined installation, TightVNC will be active on your system. Configuration of the server can be managed through the 'TightVNC Service – Control Interface' option found within your Start menu.
A key configuration adjustment involves modifying the ports utilized by TightVNC. The standard port for VNC is 5900; enhancing security can be achieved by switching to an alternate port. Scans targeting open VNC servers typically focus on port 5900, and may overlook servers operating on less common ports, such as 34153.
Consider altering the Web Access port for similar security benefits, or completely disabling web access if it’s not required.
Accessing Your Computer Remotely: Port Forwarding and Dynamic DNS
With a VNC server now operational on your machine, remote access is possible from devices within your local network. However, connecting from outside your home network necessitates additional configuration.
Initially, the port utilized by the VNC server must be forwarded through your router. The specific procedure varies depending on the router model, but generally involves accessing the router’s web-based administration panel to configure port forwarding rules.
- Further Information: How To Forward Ports on Your Router
Furthermore, establishing a dynamic DNS (DDNS) hostname for your home network is highly recommended. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) frequently alter the IP addresses assigned to residential networks.
This dynamic nature can disrupt remote connections if your home IP address changes. A DDNS service provides a consistent hostname that automatically updates to reflect your current IP address.
- Additional Resources: How To Easily Access Your Home Network From Anywhere With DDNS
By implementing both port forwarding and a DDNS hostname, you ensure reliable remote access to your computer, even with a changing internet protocol address.
Understanding the Need for These Steps
Without port forwarding, your router will block incoming connections to the VNC server. The router acts as a gatekeeper, and you must explicitly instruct it to allow traffic on the VNC port.
Similarly, without DDNS, you would need to constantly track and update your connection settings whenever your ISP assigns you a new IP address. This is impractical and makes remote access unreliable.
Key Considerations
Security is paramount when exposing services to the internet. Ensure your VNC server is secured with a strong password. Consider using a VPN for an added layer of protection.
The specific port number used by your VNC server will determine the port you need to forward on your router. Common VNC ports include 5900 and 5901.
Establishing a Connection to Your System
Once a VNC server is operational on the remote machine, a connection can be initiated from another computer utilizing a VNC client. The TightVNC suite incorporates a viewer; during installation on a separate computer, ensure the server component is deselected to install only the viewing application.
Following installation, the TightVNC Viewer will be accessible through your system's Start menu.
To connect, input the address associated with your home computer. Several address formats are acceptable:
- If both computers reside on the same local network, the computer’s local IP address can be used.
- When accessing the computer via the Internet, utilize your home network’s public IP address.
- Should you have configured a dynamic DNS service, the corresponding hostname can be employed for Internet access.
Further details regarding the identification of your computer’s local or remote IP addresses are available in this article: How to Find Your Computer's Private & Public IP Addresses.
If a non-standard port is configured for your VNC server – a recommended security practice – append the port number to the address, separated by a double colon.
Upon successful connection, the desktop of the remote computer will be displayed within a window on your local screen.
To explore additional methods for obtaining professional-grade features on Windows Home editions, consult this resource: How to Get Pro Features in Windows Home Versions with Third Party Tools