Google, Add Multi-Window Multitasking to Android!
The History of Multitasking on Android
Back in 2012, a significant event unfolded concerning the Android ecosystem. Dianne Hackborn, representing Google, cautioned CyanogenMod about potential repercussions if they proceeded with integrating "Cornerstone" multitasking into their custom ROM.
Specifically, Google threatened to withdraw CyanogenMod’s access to the Android Market. This action was prompted by their intention to implement a feature allowing for more advanced multitasking capabilities.
Samsung's Response and the Need for Standardization
Following this situation, Samsung independently developed its own multi-window multitasking functionality. This demonstrated a clear demand for such features among Android users and manufacturers.
Hackborn’s rationale centered on the necessity of implementing this functionality at the core Android platform level. Her concern was that applications might malfunction if multitasking was handled inconsistently across different ROMs.
Her assessment proved accurate. A standardized multitasking feature is crucial for the stability and compatibility of the Android operating system.
The Call for Native Multitasking
The events of 2012 highlighted a critical need within Android. It became evident that native, platform-level multitasking support was essential.
Currently, it is imperative that Google prioritize the inclusion of this feature as a standard component of the Android platform. This will ensure a more consistent and reliable user experience for all.
Android's Multitasking Capabilities
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Initially, Android distinguished itself from Apple’s iOS through its robust multitasking functionality. Applications possess the ability to operate continuously in the background, even while another application is in use. This capability contributes significantly to Android’s power – for example, BitTorrent clients can download files concurrently with other app usage.
Despite this, Android maintained a user interface that displayed only one application at a time on the screen. This design choice was particularly logical given Android’s original deployment on smartphones featuring smaller displays.
Currently, Android’s reach extends to a diverse range of devices, from compact smartphones to expansive “phablets” such as the Galaxy Note series. The operating system has expanded beyond mobile phones.
Android now powers 12-inch tablets, convertible devices with keyboard attachments, laptops, and even full-fledged Android desktops. It is no longer limited to being solely a mobile phone operating system.
The Limitations of Samsung's Multi-Window Implementation
Samsung has consistently attempted to enhance the Android experience through the inclusion of a multi-window capability. Users of premium Samsung smartphones, such as the Galaxy Note or Galaxy S series, as well as Galaxy tablets, are afforded the option to operate compatible applications concurrently in a side-by-side configuration.
However, significant drawbacks exist within this system. Functionality is restricted to Samsung’s own devices, and even then, only a select range of models support it. To maintain compatibility with existing applications and prevent potential conflicts, Samsung’s multi-window feature is limited to a predefined set of supported apps.
Users are unable to launch any application within the multi-window view; access is solely granted through the Multi Window bar provided by Samsung. This approach mirrors the concerns Google previously expressed regarding the Cornerstone feature developed by CyanogenMod, specifically the potential for app instability.
A feature constrained to a limited number of applications on devices from a single vendor falls short of expectations. True utility requires broader implementation across the Android ecosystem—or, at a minimum, on devices possessing sufficiently large displays and processing power.
For optimal integration, multi-window support should be incorporated as a core component of the Android platform itself. This would allow app developers to guarantee consistent functionality across all compatible devices.
The Burden on Developers
Currently, Android developers are faced with the necessity of individually supporting each manufacturer’s unique multi-window implementation. This becomes particularly problematic if other manufacturers choose to emulate Samsung’s approach.
This fragmented landscape creates an unnecessary burden and hinders the development of universally compatible applications. A standardized, platform-level solution would streamline the process and benefit both developers and end-users.
Ultimately, a unified multi-window experience within Android is crucial for maximizing productivity and enhancing the overall user experience.
The Limitations of Floating Apps on Android
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While offering a form of multitasking, floating apps represent a somewhat inelegant solution. Android already permits applications to operate in the background during foreground app usage. Floating apps leverage this by displaying interfaces that overlay the currently active application – a functionality akin to the "always on top" feature found in desktop operating systems.
These applications facilitate activities like web browsing, note-taking, messaging, and video playback while you continue to use other apps. However, functionality is restricted to apps specifically engineered for floating operation, requiring users to actively search for them. Furthermore, the user experience can be compromised as these floating windows often obscure portions of the underlying app's interface.
A notable example is Microsoft’s implementation of floating windows within the Android version of Skype. This allows a video call participant’s image to remain visible on-screen, even when the Skype application is not in focus. Interestingly, Microsoft is currently utilizing Android’s multi-window capabilities to a greater extent than Google itself.
The Limitations of Custom ROMs and Root-Based Solutions for Multi-Window Support
Related: Methods for Enabling Multi-Window Multitasking on Various Android Phones and Tablets
The implementation of multi-window multitasking is increasingly seen within certain custom ROMs. However, Google previously cautioned against incorporating this functionality, specifically threatening to withdraw CyanogenMod's access to the Android Market – now the Google Play Store – due to potential compatibility issues with existing applications.
Currently, several custom ROM developers are actively pursuing the integration of split-screen multitasking. Samsung has already implemented its own proprietary version of this feature on its range of devices.
Alternatively, users with root access can utilize an Xposed Framework modification called XMultiWindow to achieve multi-window functionality. Rooting a device effectively grants the ability to install and utilize such features.
Ideally, this capability should be available without the need for device rooting or custom ROM installation. Third-party solutions frequently present users with clunky interfaces and instability.
A natively integrated and officially supported solution, functioning consistently across all devices, is the preferred approach.
The Need for a Standardized Approach
The current landscape relies heavily on workarounds. These often introduce complexities and inconsistencies in user experience.
A unified implementation by Google would ensure seamless functionality and compatibility for all Android users. This would eliminate the need for potentially problematic third-party interventions.
The Significance of Multi-Window Functionality
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Windows 8.1 from Microsoft distinguishes itself within the realm of tablet operating systems due to its robust multitasking capabilities. This allows users to view multiple applications concurrently, side-by-side. Reports also indicate that Apple is developing similar side-by-side app functionality for the iPad with the release of iOS 8.
With competing operating systems, users can typically view a webpage while composing an email, enjoy a video while browsing, or engage in a chat during other activities.
However, Android has yet to embrace this advancement. Despite the considerable power inherent in Android – and its adaptability of applications to varying screen dimensions – Google has been hesitant to incorporate this feature.
Larger Android tablets, such as the Nexus 10 (a device Google hasn't refreshed for over 18 months), would greatly benefit from this functionality. The same holds true for larger phones, convertible devices, laptops, and Android-based desktop environments.
Should tablets represent the future of personal computing, the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously on their larger screens is essential. Microsoft, Samsung, and Apple are acknowledging this need; it is now Google’s responsibility to follow suit.
Image credits: Sergey Galyonkin (Flickr), Kārlis Dambrāns (Flickr)