Chromebook: Accessing Shared Folders, Printers & VPNs

Chromebook Connectivity on Windows Networks

Attempting to connect a Chromebook to a Windows network can sometimes present unexpected challenges. Direct access to shared folders or network printers, regardless of whether they originate from Windows, macOS, or Linux systems, is often unavailable by default.

Understanding Chromebook Network Limitations

While Chromebooks are capable of establishing connections to VPNs, accessing file shares, and utilizing network printers, these functionalities are contingent upon specific configurations. Successful integration requires that these network resources are presented in a compatible format.

Proper configuration of network resources is key to seamless connectivity. When set up correctly, establishing a connection should be a straightforward process.

Requirements for Successful Connection

Chromebooks require specific protocols for network access.
Standard Windows file sharing may not be directly compatible.
Utilizing a VPN can provide a workaround for accessing resources.

Ensuring the network environment meets these criteria will facilitate a successful connection between your Chromebook and the Windows network.

Accessing Network File Shares on Chromebooks

Chromebooks, unlike many other devices, lack native functionality for directly accessing Windows file shares – those utilizing SMB or CIFS protocols – or NFS shares from alternative operating systems. This limitation is noteworthy, considering that macOS and Linux readily support Windows file shares, and even mobile platforms like iPadOS and Android offer apps capable of connecting to standard shared folders.

While the potential exists for developers to create Chrome applications with this capability, such applications are currently unavailable.

If you operate a file server and wish to provide file access to Chrome OS devices, the files must be made accessible through a protocol understood by the Chrome web browser.

Related: A Guide to File Sharing Between Windows, Mac, and Linux Computers on a Network

Any server software capable of establishing a web interface accessible via standard HTTP or HTTPS protocols will function with a Chromebook. For instance, the ownCloud server software facilitates file access through a web-based HTTP interface, allowing seamless access via a Chrome browser.

Even conventional HTTP servers, such as Apache, can display directory contents within a browser and enable file downloads, though uploading functionality will be absent.

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Chromebooks also provide built-in support for browsing FTP sites, meaning an FTP server can serve as a viable method for making your files available. An FTP server can be established using software like FileZilla. Simply input the FTP server’s address, prefixed with ftp://, into Chrome’s address bar.

It’s important to note that Chrome OS offers only read-only FTP support natively; therefore, a third-party “FTP web app” or a Chrome application, such as the $2.99 sFTP Client, may be required for write access.

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Prioritize security when configuring any server software. Mitigate potential security risks by restricting access to these servers to your local network, preventing exposure over the public Internet.

Alternatively, files can be uploaded to Google Drive, making them accessible through the Chromebook’s Files app. Accessing files stored in Dropbox, OneDrive, or other cloud storage services is also possible via their respective websites.

However, this approach isn’t ideal if the primary goal is managing a local file share.

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Connecting Printers to Chromebooks

Chromebooks do not natively support conventional network printers. Communication with printers shared from operating systems like Windows, macOS, or Linux is not possible through Chrome OS. Directly connected USB printers are also unsupported, which is consistent with the system’s design.

Google Cloud Print serves as the primary printing solution for Chrome OS. Many modern Wi-Fi printers offer compatibility with Google Cloud Print, alongside technologies like Apple’s AirPrint and other printing standards. A printer enabled for Google Cloud Print will function seamlessly with minimal setup.

Simply configure the printer as usual and link it to your Google account. When initiating a print job, select the printer from the Destination options.

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For older printers lacking Google Cloud Print support, registration is required.

Further Reading: Sharing Printers Across Windows, Mac, and Linux Networks

To register an older printer, install the Chrome browser on a Windows, macOS, or Linux computer that is connected to the printer. Then, navigate to chrome://devices in the address bar. From this location, you can associate the printer with your Google account.

As long as the computer remains powered on and Chrome is running, printing from your Chromebook to that printer will be possible.

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Establishing a VPN Connection

Chrome OS, developed by Google, features built-in support for Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Currently, the operating system accommodates L2TP over IPsec utilizing a Pre-Shared Key (PSK), L2TP over IPsec with certificate authentication, and OpenVPN configurations. Chromebook devices are also capable of connecting to networks utilizing Cisco AnyConnect, provided the Cisco ASA device is configured to support L2TP over IPsec.

While the technical specifications may seem complex, initiating a VPN connection should be a straightforward process if the necessary VPN details are available.

Begin by accessing the Settings application. Within Settings, navigate to the "Internet connection" section and select "Add Connection." Then, choose "Add Private Network."

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You will now be prompted to input the specific details of your VPN. Should you be unsure of these parameters, consult your IT administrator or the provider of your VPN service.

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In cases where certificate files are required, a separate process is necessary. The organization responsible for the VPN will furnish these files if they are needed. First, download the necessary files to your Chromebook. Then, enter 'chrome://settings/certificates' into the address bar and press Enter. Alternatively, you can search for "certificates" directly within the Settings menu.

On the "Your Certificates" tab, utilize the "Import and Bind to Device" function to import files with the extensions .pfx or .p12 (representing user certificates). Employ the "Import" button on the "Authorities" tab to import files with extensions .crt or .p7b (representing server certificate authorities).

Once the VPN is configured, you will have the option to select from the certificates you have installed.

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Utilizing Developer Mode on Chrome OS

For users finding Chrome OS restrictive, the developer mode presents an alternative. Activating developer mode allows for the installation of a desktop Linux system directly onto your Chromebook.

This expanded functionality then enables connections to a wider range of VPN types, access to Windows file shares, and printing capabilities independent of Google Cloud Print. Essentially, any feature supported by a standard Linux distribution becomes attainable.

However, this approach requires a greater level of technical engagement. Chromebooks are favored for their simplicity and minimal configuration needs.

Switching to developer mode introduces the necessity of utilizing terminal commands for setup and navigating a more intricate desktop environment.

Further Exploration: Linux Installation

Related: A guide on installing Ubuntu Linux on your Chromebook using Crouton.

Developer mode is primarily designed for technically proficient users. While it offers significant flexibility, it’s best suited for those comfortable with command-line interfaces and system configuration.

For typical Chromebook users simply needing access to a shared network folder, avoiding developer mode is generally recommended.

Furthermore, if your Chromebook was supplied by an educational institution or employer due to its security and manageability, enabling developer mode and modifying system settings may not be permitted.

When needing to connect to VPNs, file shares, or network printers managed by an organization – particularly the one providing your Chromebook – direct communication is advised.

Request that the organization configure their server software to ensure compatibility and accessibility from a Chromebook device.

Image Source: Michael Saechang via Flickr